Copper pattern and transparent conductive film comparisonTwo conductor routes, two different design tradeoffsConceptual geometries · dimensions and inputs below are illustrativeOpaque copper on a clear carrierR = ρL / (width × copper thickness)100 mm × 0.2 mm × 18 µm, at 20 °CBulk-copper assumption → about 0.479 ΩUniform transparent conductive filmR = sheet resistance × length / width20 Ω/□ × (100 mm / 10 mm) = 200 ΩUse measured film data and end contacts.These are two example geometries, not interchangeable conductor specifications.Neither calculation gives allowable current, temperature rise or RF performance.