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PTH vs NPTH: specify the finished hole
Distinguish electrical barrels from non-plated openings. Release hole sizes, tolerances and plating intent that remain clear from CAD export to inspection.
Original engineering guidance 繚 References checked September 26, 2026
PTH vs NPTH: the difference is the intended hole wall
A plated through hole, or PTH, has a conductive deposited wall intended to connect the specified copper features through the board. A non-plated through hole, or NPTH, is specified without that conductive barrel. The distinction affects electrical connectivity, clearance, manufacturing sequence and inspection. It should be explicit in the manufacturing data and drawing rather than inferred from whether a copper pad is visible.
A PTH may accept a component lead, provide a press-fit interface or form a through via. An NPTH may provide mounting, alignment, clearance or another mechanical function. These are common roles, not rules that every mounting hole must follow. A mounting feature can deliberately include a plated electrical connection when the design requires it.
This page helps you release the hole requirement. For the fabrication sequence and drilling technology, use PCB drilling. For deposition on the hole wall, use the PCB plating process. Keeping the specification, drilling and plating tasks distinct prevents the product requirement from being confused with a machine instruction.
Compare the finished features, not just the names
| Feature | Electrical intent | Release information |
|---|---|---|
| PTH component hole | Conductive barrel and intended land connections | Finished size, tolerance, plating and component requirement |
| Through via | Connection between designated copper layers | Span, lands, clearances and any protection requirement |
| NPTH mechanical hole | No specified conductive barrel | Finished size, location, copper clearance and mechanical role |
| Plated slot | Conductive elongated opening | Finished width, length, shape and plating definition |
| Non-plated slot | Mechanical elongated opening | Profile, size, location and clearance requirements |
A plated hole does not mean every copper layer is connected. The pad stack and plane clearances define the intended connections. A non-plated hole also needs clearance from nearby copper according to the design and process. Review those geometries explicitly; the drilling operation cannot determine the intended net connectivity from a single diameter value.
Slots deserve special attention because they combine contour definition with hole-wall intent. State the finished width and length, the end geometry and the required plating state. If a slot serves a connector tab or enclosure feature, include the mating-part requirements and the relevant tolerance. Do not assume that a row of overlapping drill hits communicates the same requirement.
Finished hole size is different from production tool size
For a PTH, the production opening is prepared before the conductive wall is built. The selected tool and process compensate for the intended finished opening and manufacturing variation. The customer normally needs to communicate the finished functional requirement clearly. The fabricator then reviews the production route rather than treating a finished-hole label as a literal drill-bit instruction.
Do not independently add an assumed oversize to every PTH file unless the agreed data convention explicitly requires it. Otherwise compensation may be applied twice. Conversely, do not assume a raw tool diameter will yield the same finished diameter after plating. Identify the convention in the release notes and resolve it before CAM preparation.
For NPTH features, the absence of plating does not eliminate dimensional variation. Tool condition, routing, material and measurement still matter. Location accuracy is also separate from size accuracy. The PCB tolerances guide explains how to keep those requirements distinct in the drawing and inspection plan.

Prepare one hole-group specification at a time
Use the worksheet to record the feature group, PTH or NPTH intent, finished diameter, upper and lower allowances, quantity, function and drawing revision. It calculates the size interval and produces a review brief. This is a structured specification aid, not a drill-file parser, CAM system or electrical connectivity checker.
Finished Hole Group Brief
The tool requires you to identify the finished state explicitly. For a slot, complex counterbore or controlled press-fit feature, use the brief to identify the need for a drawing rather than representing the feature as a single round diameter. It cannot determine the correct component fit or select production tools from a generic hole description.
An illustrative round PTH with a finished nominal size of 1.00 mm and 簣0.05 mm allowances has a 0.95���1.05 mm interval. Whether that range suits a component depends on the actual lead geometry, component tolerance, plating requirement and assembly method. The example is not a recommendation for a particular connector or a supplier capability statement.
Preserve plating intent through CAD export
Your release should allow a CAM reviewer to distinguish plated and non-plated features without guessing. Depending on the export workflow, this may use separate drill sets, explicit file attributes and a drill drawing that agrees with them. Use a consistent origin and units across copper, profile and drill data. Check the rendered export rather than relying only on file names.
and are authoritative starting points for manufacturing data formats. A defined data representation helps communication, but it does not resolve a contradiction between the exported data and a mechanical drawing. The released package must still state which revision and requirements apply.
Include a hole table that groups identical requirements and gives each group a stable identifier. The table should distinguish round holes from slots and explain any exceptional features. A drill map is useful for location, while the table provides the specification. Keep both aligned with the actual coordinate data so a later edit does not leave an obsolete callout behind.
Soldered leads and press-fit contacts have different needs
A soldered through-hole lead needs a suitable relationship between the lead and finished hole, as well as an appropriate land and assembly process. Excessive or insufficient clearance can create problems, but the correct value depends on the component and process. Use the component manufacturer's current recommendation and have the proposed footprint reviewed.
A press-fit contact relies on its designed interaction with the plated opening. Hole size alone is not the entire requirement. Board thickness, hole construction, finish and installation conditions can matter. illustrates why the selected connector's own documentation is necessary. Do not apply one part family's dimensions to an unrelated contact.
When assembly is included, pass the same controlled component and hole requirements to the PCB Assembly team. A fabrication change intended to help hole production can affect insertion or soldering. Record the approval across both manufacturing stages before producing boards against a revised opening.
Lands, antipads and nearby metal still need review
A PTH connection depends on the surrounding land and the relevant copper layers. Review the annular ring with the correct drilling and registration assumptions. A finished hole within its size limits does not by itself prove that the internal connection geometry is acceptable. Keep size, registration and connectivity evidence separate.
An NPTH near copper or a board edge needs a deliberate clearance strategy. The required distance follows the construction, mechanical role and manufacturing process. An unplated hole may still expose nearby metal if the geometry is inappropriate. Do not treat the NPTH label as a substitute for checking the actual copper and profile relationship.
For special features such as edge-plated slots, castellations, backdrilled holes or filled vias, identify the specialized requirement rather than hiding it in a generic PTH note. Those structures may need additional drawings, process steps and inspection. Ask for the relevant manufacturing review when the feature exceeds a simple through opening.
What affects the quote and how to avoid rework
Hole count, sizes, depth-to-diameter relationships, slots and special process steps can affect fabrication effort. Tight limits or additional evidence can also influence the quote. The difference between PTH and NPTH is not a fixed price multiplier. A meaningful estimate requires the actual drill populations, construction and acceptance scope.
Send fabrication data, a consistent hole table, the board revision and relevant component drawings. Mark unresolved plating intent or dimensional conflicts. Ask the supplier to state any proposed changes and assumptions before release. A short review at this stage is more useful than a quick price based on an ambiguous drill package.
For the finished board order, return to PCB Manufacturing. Download the worksheet as a discussion attachment if it helps identify a critical hole group. The tool does not send the information automatically to Contact, and a generated brief does not replace the controlled drawing or the reviewed production data.

PTH and NPTH questions before release
Can a mounting hole be plated?
Yes, when its electrical and mechanical purpose calls for it and the construction supports it. A chassis connection may intentionally use a plated feature. Another mounting feature may need isolation and an NPTH definition. Choose the hole from the design requirement, not from its everyday name.
Does a copper pad guarantee that the hole is PTH?
No. Plating intent must be communicated explicitly in the released data and drawing. A reviewer should not infer it solely from a top copper image. Check the export and drill table together, especially when a footprint has been copied from an older project.
Should I send finished dimensions or drill-tool dimensions?
State the intended convention and the functional finished requirement. Production tool selection and compensation should follow the agreed fabrication workflow. Do not mix conventions within the same table without identifying them. If the supplier requests a particular format, resolve the mapping before release.
Does the worksheet check my drill file?
No. It structures one hole group's requirements and calculates its entered size limits. It does not read files, locate missing holes or verify connectivity. Review exported manufacturing data separately and include the complete package for engineering assessment.
Get a review against your drawing
Send the board revision, construction, quantity and the manufacturing or inspection question you need reviewed. Identify unresolved requirements so the response can address them.
Send requirements for reviewOptional: attach the downloaded worksheet manually. This guidance does not certify a design, approve a shipment or replace the applicable authorized standards.